Vocal Cord Nodule

Definition

Vocal cord nodules are small, benign (noncancerous) growths on the vocal cords caused by chronic irritation or vocal abuse. They are sometimes called "singer’s nodules" because they commonly affect people who use their voice extensively, like singers, teachers, or speakers.

Causes

• Excessive or improper use of the voice (e.g., shouting, loud talking, frequent singing)

• Chronic vocal strain or overuse

• Allergies, smoking, or exposure to irritants

• Upper respiratory infections or acid reflux causing throat irritation

Symptoms

• Hoarseness or breathy voice

• Vocal fatigue or loss of voice after prolonged use

• Rough or scratchy voice quality

• Frequent voice breaks or pitch changes

• Sensation of a lump in the throat or throat discomfort

Diagnosis

• Laryngoscopy or stroboscopy: Visual examination of the vocal cords using a flexible or rigid scope to detect nodules.

• Voice assessment by a speech-language pathologist.

Treatment

Voice Therapy (Primary Treatment)

• Resting the voice to reduce strain

• Learning proper voice techniques and hygiene

• Speech therapy with a speech-language pathologist to correct harmful vocal habits

Medical Treatment

• Treat underlying conditions like acid reflux or allergies

• Avoid irritants such as smoking or pollutants

Surgical Treatment

• Rarely needed and considered only if nodules do not improve with conservative measures

• Surgery involves microsurgical removal of nodules

Prevention

• Avoid yelling, screaming, or excessive talking

• Use proper vocal techniques (especially for singers or professional voice users)

• Stay hydrated and avoid smoking

• Manage allergies or acid reflux promptly

Prognosis

• With appropriate voice rest and therapy, nodules usually heal completely.

• Without treatment, nodules may cause permanent voice damage or worsening symptoms.